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0 0.5 1 1.5 2+ Discharge -12% Improvement Relative Risk Time to discharge -60% Time to viral- -35% Probiotics for COVID-19  Li et al.  LATE TREATMENT Is late treatment with probiotics beneficial for COVID-19? Retrospective 311 patients in China Slower viral clearance with probiotics (p=0.001) c19early.org Li et al., Int. Immunopharmacology, Mar 2021 Favors probiotics Favors control

The role of probiotics in coronavirus disease-19 infection in Wuhan: A retrospective study of 311 severe patients

Li et al., International Immunopharmacology, doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107531
Mar 2021  
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Probiotics for COVID-19
18th treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2021
 
*, now known with p = 0.0000013 from 26 studies.
No treatment is 100% effective. Protocols combine complementary and synergistic treatments. * >10% efficacy in meta analysis with ≥3 clinical studies.
3,900+ studies for 60+ treatments. c19early.org
Retrospective 311 severe condition hospitalized patients in China, 123 treated with probiotics, showing slower viral clearance and recovery with treatment. Authors note that probiotics were able to moderate immunity and decrease the incidence of secondary infections.
The immune effects of probiotics are strain-specific.
Viral load measured by PCR may not accurately reflect infectious virus measured by viral culture. Porter show that viral load early in infection was correlated with infectious virus, but viral load late in infection could be high even with low or undetectable infectious virus. Assessing viral load later in infection may underestimate reductions in infectious virus with treatment.
risk of no hospital discharge, 11.8% higher, RR 1.12, p = 0.68, treatment 30 of 123 (24.4%), control 41 of 188 (21.8%).
time to discharge, 60.0% higher, relative time 1.60, p < 0.001, treatment 123, control 188.
time to viral-, 35.3% higher, relative time 1.35, p < 0.001, treatment 123, control 188.
Effect extraction follows pre-specified rules prioritizing more serious outcomes. Submit updates
Li et al., 5 Mar 2021, retrospective, China, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, average treatment delay 13.0 days.
This PaperProbioticsAll
The role of probiotics in coronavirus disease-19 infection in Wuhan: A retrospective study of 311 severe patients
Qiang Li, Fang Cheng, Qiling Xu, Yuyong Su, Xuefeng Cai, Fang Zeng, Yu Zhang
International Immunopharmacology, doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107531
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre -including this research content -immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
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Late treatment
is less effective
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